Gender-Affirming School Practices Training References

Module 1: Understand Benefits

1. GLSEN. (n.d.). Gender Terminology: Discussion Guide. Retrieved February 23, 2023, URL

2. Gorski, P. (2020). EdChange—Equity, Anti-bias, & Diversity Activities & Exercises. URL

3. Faculty Equity and Inclusion Committee, University of Colorado. (n.d.). Gender Reflections. Retrieved February 23, 2023, from URL

4. Pandea, A.-R., Grzemny, D., & Keen, E. (2019). GENDER MATTERS: A Manual on Addressing Gender-Based Violence Affecting Young People (2nd ed.). Council of Europe Publishing. URL

5. Improving Methods of Providing Affirming Care to Transgender Students Co-Design Meeting 2 Recording Transcript. (2022, April 4). [Personal communication].

6. Pellegrini, S. (2021, September 27). Questions To Consider When Exploring Your Gender Identity—Center For Mindfulness & CBT. Center For Mindfulness & CBT. URL

7. Reisner, S. L., Vetters, R., Leclerc, M., Zaslow, S., Wolfrum, S., Shumer, D., & Mimiaga, M. J. (2015). Mental health of transgender youth in care at an adolescent urban community health center: A matched retrospective cohort study. The Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 56(3), 274–279. DOI

8. Perez-Brumer, A., Day, J. K., Russell, S. T., & Hatzenbuehler, M. L. (2017). Prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation among transgender youth in california: Findings from a representative, population-based sample of high school students. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(9), 739–746. DOI

9. Aragon, S. R., Poteat, V. P., Espelage, D. L., & Koenig, B. W. (2014). The influence of peer victimization on educational outcomes for LGBTQ and non-LGBTQ high school students. Journal of LGBT Youth, 11(1), 1–19. DOI

10. Kosciw, J. G., Palmer, N. A., Kull, R. M., & Greytak, E. A. (2013). The effect of negative school climate on academic outcomes for LGTBQ youth and the role of in-school supports. Journal of School Violence, 12(1), 45–63. DOI

11. Gubbels, J., van der Put, C. E., & Assink, M. (2019). Risk factors for school absenteeism and dropout: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48(9), 1637–1667. DOI

12. Kosciw, J. G., Clark, C. M., Truong, N. L., & Zongrone, A. D. (2020). The 2019 National School Clinate Survey. The Experiences of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Youth in Our Nation’s Schools. GLSEN. DOI

13. Day, J. K., Ioverno, S., & Russell, S. T. (2019). Safe and supportive schools for LGBT youth: Addressing educational inequities through inclusive policies and practices. Journal of School Psychology, 74, 29–43. DOI

14. Fontanari AMV, Vilanova F, Schneider MA, et al. Gender Affirmation Is Associated with Transgender and Gender Nonbinary Youth Mental Health Improvement. LGBT Health. 2020;7(5):237-247. DOI

15. Russell ST, Pollitt AM, Li G, Grossman AH. Chosen Name Use Is Linked to Reduced Depressive Symptoms, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicidal Behavior Among Transgender Youth. J Adolesc Health. 2018;63(4):503-505. DOI

16. Baams L, Russell ST. Gay-Straight Alliances, school functioning, and mental health: Associations for students of color and LGBTQ students. Youth & Society. 2021;53(2):211-229. DOI

17. Greytak EA, Kosciw JG, Boesen MJ. Putting the “T” in “Resource”: The Benefits of LGBT-Related School Resources for Transgender Youth. Journal of LGBT Youth. 2013;10(1-2):45-63. DOI

18. Poteat VP, Rivers I, Vecho O. Membership experiences in gender-sexuality alliances (GSAs) predict increased hope and attenuate the effects of victimization. J Sch Psychol. 2020;79:16-30. DOI

19. Ullman J. Teacher positivity towards gender diversity: exploring relationships and school outcomes for transgender and gender-diverse students. Sex Education. 2017;17(3):276-289. DOI

20. Ullman J. Trans/Gender-Diverse Students’ Perceptions of Positive School Climate and Teacher Concern as Factors in School Belonging: Results From an Australian National Study. Teachers College Record. 2022;124(8):145-167 DOI

21. Horton, C. (2022). “Euphoria”: Trans children and experiences of prepubertal social transition. Family Relations, 72, 1890–1907. DOI

22. Understanding Nonbinary People: How to Be Respectful and Supportive. (2023, January 12). National Center for Transgender Equality. URL

23. Price, M., & Skolnik, A. (2017). Gender Identity. In The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender (1–4, pp. 663–667). SAGE Publications, Inc. DOI

24. American Psychological Association. (2015). Guidelines for psychological practice with transgender and gender nonconforming people. American Psychologist, 70(9), 832–864. DOI

25. PFLAG National Glossary of Terms. (2016, April 25). PFLAG. URL

26. Being an LGBTQ+ Ally—HRC Digital Reports. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2023. URL

27. Coleman, E., Radix, A. E., Bouman, W. P., Brown, G. R., de Vries, A. L. C., Deutsch, M. B., Ettner, R., Fraser, L., Goodman, M., Green, J., Hancock, A. B., Johnson, T. W., Karasic, D. H., Knudson, G. A., Leibowitz, S. F., Meyer-Bahlburg, H. F. L., Monstrey, S. J., Motmans, J., Nahata, L., … Arcelus, J. (2022). Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8. International Journal of Transgender Health, 23(sup1), S1–S259. DOI

28. HRC. (2022). Glossary of Terms. Human Rights Campaign. URL

29. Key Concepts and Terms. (2014). Gay, Lesbian & Straight Education Network (GLSEN). URL

30. Katz-Wise, S. L. (2021, July 23). Misgendering: What it is and why it matters. Harvard Health. URL

31. Hendricks, M. L., & Testa, R. J. (2012). A Conceptual Framework for Clinical Work with Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Clients: An Adaptation of the Minority Stress Model. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 43(5), 460–467. DOI

32. Bianca D.M. Wilson & Ilan H. Meyer. (2021). Nonbinary LGBTQ Adults in the United States. UCLA School of Law Williams Institute. URL

33. McNabb, C. (2017). Nonbinary Gender Identities: History, Culture, Resources. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. URL

34. What Does Coming Out Mean? | How to Come Out. (n.d.). Retrieved August 29, 2023. URL

35. The Coming Out Handbook. (n.d.). The Trevor Project. Retrieved August 29, 2023. URL

36. Rocheleau, J. (2019, August 21). A Former Slur Is Reclaimed, And Listeners Have Mixed Feelings. NPR. URL

37. Perlman, M. (2019, January 22). How the word ‘queer’ was adopted by the LGBTQ community. Columbia Journalism Review. URL

38. Schuyler Bailar. (2023). He/She/They: How We Talk About Gender and Why It Matters. Hachette Go.33. LGBTQIA Resource Center Glossary. (2015, May 5). LGBTQIA Resource Center. URL

39. Coleman E, Radix AE, Bouman WP, et al. Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8. International Journal of Transgender Health. 2022;23(sup1):S1-S259. DOI

40. LGBTQIA Resource Center Glossary. LGBTQIA Resource Center. May 5, 2015. Accessed September 20, 2023. URL

Module 2: Language to Use and Avoid

1. What Are Neopronouns? - The New York Times. (n.d.). Retrieved September 27, 2023, URL

2. Understanding Neopronouns. (n.d.). Human Rights Campaign. Retrieved September 27, 2023, URL

3. Gender Pronouns | LGBTQ+ Resource Center. (n.d.). Retrieved September 27, 2023, URL

4. Being an LGBTQ+ Ally—HRC Digital Reports. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2023, URL

5. American Psychiatric Association (Ed.). (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 (5th ed). American Psychiatric Association.

6. Katz-Wise, S. L. (2021, July 23). Misgendering: What it is and why it matters. Harvard Health. URL

7. Binding Resources. (n.d.). Fenway Health. URL

8. McLemore, K. A. (2018). A minority stress perspective on transgender individuals’ experiences with misgendering. Stigma and Health, 3(1), 53–64. DOI

9. McNabb, C. (2017). Nonbinary Gender Identities: History, Culture, Resources. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. URL

Module 3: Coming Out at School

1. Title IX and Sex Discrimination. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2023, URL

2. Presidential Documents. (2021). Executive Order 14021: Guaranteeing an Educational Environment Free From Discrimination on the Basis of Sex, Including Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity. Federal Register, 86(46), 13803–13804.

3. United States Department of Justice, & United States Department of Education. (2016, May 13). Dear Colleague Letter on Transgender Students. U.S. Department of Education. URL

4. United States Department of Justice, & United States Department of Education. (2017). Dear Colleague Letter. URL

5. Peters, J. W., Becker, J., & Davis, J. H. (2017, February 22). Trump Rescinds Rules on Bathrooms for Transgender Students. The New York Times. URL

6. U.S. Department of Education. (n.d.). Summary of Major Provisions of the Department of Education’s Title IX Notice of Proposed Rulemaking*. U.S. Department of Education. Retrieved September 2, 2023, URL

7. Sex Discrimination: Overview of the Law. (2024, August 12). [Reference Materials]. US Department of Education (ED). URL

8. Resources for LGBTQI+ Students. (n.d.). Retrieved August 21, 2023, URL

9. A Flood of Public Feedback Has Delayed a Title IX Change Covering Trans Athletes—Again. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2023, URL

10. Civil Rights Coordinators Data | OCR. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2023, URL

11. 34 C.F.R. Part 106. (n.d.). [Regulatory Materials; Regulatory Materials]. US Department of Education (ED). Retrieved September 22, 2023, URL

12. Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. (n.d.). Guidance on Notifying Parents When a Student Has Been Bullied Based on Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity/Expression—Student and Family Support (SFS). Retrieved September 6, 2023, URL

13. LGBTQ Student Rights | SFUSD. (n.d.). Retrieved September 6, 2023, URL

14. Movement Advancement Project. (2023). Movement Advancement Project | Forced Outing of Transgender Youth in Schools. URL

15. Paechter C, Toft A, Carlile A. Non-binary young people and schools: pedagogical insights from a small-scale interview study. Pedagogy, Culture & Society. 2021;0(0):1-19. DOI

16. Movement Advancement Project | Snapshot: LGBTQ Equality by State. (n.d.). Retrieved August 21, 2023, URL

17. Trevor Project. (2023, July 14). How to Signal You are an Ally in Hostile Environment. LGBTQ+ Community Resources. URL

18. American Psychological Association. (2015). Guidelines for psychological practice with transgender and gender nonconforming people. American Psychologist, 70(9), 832–864. DOI

19. Beischel, W. J., Gauvin, S. E. M., & van Anders, S. M. (2022). “A little shiny gender breakthrough”: Community understandings of gender euphoria. International Journal of Transgender Health, 23(3), 274–294. DOI

20. What’s Transphobia and Transmisia? (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2023, URL

Module 4: Creating a Supportive School Environment

1. Collazo A, Austin A, Craig SL. Facilitating Transition Among Transgender Clients: Components of Effective Clinical Practice. Clin Soc Work J. 2013;41(3):228-237. DOI

2. Hendricks ML, Testa RJ. A Conceptual Framework for Clinical Work with Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Clients: an Adaptation of the Minority Stress Model. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 2012;43(5):460-467. DOI

3. Welcoming Schools. Developing a Gender Inclusive School. Welcoming Schools. 2021. Accessed October 24, 2024. URL

4. Gender Spectrum Inclusive Schools Network. ISN Tools and Videos. Gender Spectrum. 2019. Accessed January 18, 2024. URL

5. Green AE, Willging CE, Ramos MM, Shattuck D, Gunderson L. Factors Impacting Implementation of Evidence-Based Strategies to Create Safe and Supportive Schools for Sexual and Gender Minority Students. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2018;63(5):643-648. DOI

6. Binding Resources. Fenway Health. URL

7. Trans Youth Equality Foundation. Binders. Trans Youth Equality Foundation. Accessed September 20, 2023. URL

8. PFLAG National Glossary of Terms. PFLAG. April 25, 2016. Accessed September 14, 2022. URL

Module 5: Prevent/Intervene in Gender-Based Bullying

1. Earnshaw, V., Bogart, L., Poteat, P., Reisner, S., & Schuster, M. (2016). Bullying Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Youth. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 63(6), 999–1010. DOI

2. Kosciw, J. G., Clark, C. M., Truong, N. L., & Zongrone, A. D. (2020). The 2019 National School Clinate Survey. The Experiences of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Youth in Our Nation’s Schools. GLSEN. URL

3. Kelley, J., Pullen Sansfaçon, A., Gelly, M. A., Chiniara, L., & Chadi, N. (2022). School Factors Strongly Impact Transgender and Non-Binary Youths’ Well-Being. Children, 9(10), 1520. DOI

4. Joseph G. Kosciw, Caitlin M. Clark, & Leesh Menard. (2022). The 2021 National School Climate Survey The Experiences of LGBTQ+ Youth in Our Nation’s Schools. GLSEN. URL

5. Day, J. K., Fish, J. N., Grossman, A. H., & Russell, S. T. (2020). Gay-Straight Alliances, Inclusive Policy, and School Climate: LGBTQ Youths’ Experiences of Social Support and Bullying. Journal of Research on Adolescence: The Official Journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence, 30 Suppl 2(Suppl 2), 418–430. DOI

6. Kendall Ciesemier & Chase Strangio. (n.d.). Why and How Trans Hate is Spreading [Broadcast]. Retrieved September 20, 2023, URL

7. LGBTQIA Resource Center Glossary. (2015, May 5). LGBTQIA Resource Center. URL

8. PFLAG National Glossary of Terms. (2016, April 25). PFLAG. URL

Gender-Affirming School Practices Training References

Module 1: Understand Benefits

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